Spring JDBC SimpleJdbcCall類範例


org.springframework.jdbc.core.SimpleJdbcCall類是表示對儲存過程或儲存函式的呼叫的多執行緒,可重用的物件。 它提供後設資料處理以簡化存取基本儲存過程/函式所需的程式碼。 所有需要提供的是程式/函式的名稱和包含執行呼叫時引數的Map物件。 提供的引數的名稱將與建立儲存過程時宣告的輸入和輸出引數相匹配。

使用到的 Student 表的結構如下 -

CREATE TABLE Student(
   ID   INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
   NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
   AGE  INT NOT NULL,
   PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);

類的宣告

以下是org.springframework.jdbc.core.SimpleJdbcCall介面的宣告 -

public class SimpleJdbcCall
   extends AbstractJdbcCall
      implements SimpleJdbcCallOperations

以下範例將演示如何使用Spring的SimpleJdbcCall物件呼叫儲存過程。通過呼叫儲存過程來讀取Student表中的一條記錄。傳遞一個學生編號作為引數並讀取學生記錄。

語法

SimpleJdbcCall jdbcCall = new SimpleJdbcCall(dataSource).withProcedureName("getRecord");
SqlParameterSource in = new MapSqlParameterSource().addValue("in_id", id);
Map<String, Object> out = jdbcCall.execute(in);
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(id);
student.setName((String) out.get("out_name"));
student.setAge((Integer) out.get("out_age"));

在上程式碼中,

  • jdbcCall - SimpleJdbcCall物件來表示儲存過程。
  • in - SqlParameterSource物件將引數傳遞給儲存過程。
  • student - 學生(Student)物件。
  • out - Map物件來表示儲存過程呼叫結果的輸出。

範例專案

要了解上述與Spring JDBC相關的概念,下面我們編寫一個使用SimpleJdbcCall進行儲存過程呼叫。開啟Eclipse IDE,並按照以下步驟建立一個Spring應用程式,這裡建立一個名稱為:SimpleJdbcCall 的專案。

步驟說明

  1. 參考第一個Spring JDBC專案來建立一個Maven專案 - /20/235/8754.html
  2. 更新bean組態並執行應用程式。

完整的專案結構如下所示 -

要了解如何呼叫資料庫中的儲存過程,請建立以下MySQL儲存過程,該過程需要學生ID作為引數,並使用OUT引數返回相應的學生姓名和年齡。所以首先開啟MySQL命令提示字元,並在test資料庫中建立一個儲存過程 -

DELIMITER $$

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `TEST`.`getRecord` $$
CREATE PROCEDURE `TEST`.`getRecord` (
IN in_id INTEGER,
OUT out_name VARCHAR(20),
OUT out_age  INTEGER)
BEGIN
   SELECT name, age
   INTO out_name, out_age
   FROM Student where id = in_id;
END $$

DELIMITER ;

以下是Maven組態檔案:pom.xml的程式碼內容:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.yiibai</groupId>
    <artifactId>SimpleJdbcCall</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>SimpleJdbcCall</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.40</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

以下是資料存取物件介面檔案:StudentDAO.java的內容:

package com.yiibai;

import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

public interface StudentDAO {
    /**
     * This is the method to be used to initialize database resources ie.
     * connection.
     */
    public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);

    /**
     * This is the method to be used to create a record in the Student table.
     */
    public void create(String name, Integer age);

    /**
     * This is the method to be used to list down all the records from the
     * Student table.
     */
    public List<Student> listStudents();

    /**
     * This is the method to be used to list down a record from the Student
     * table corresponding to a passed student id.
     */
    public Student getStudent(Integer id);
}

以下是檔案:Student.java的程式碼內容:

package com.yiibai;

public class Student {
    private Integer age;
    private String name;
    private Integer id;

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
}

以下是檔案:StudentMapper.java的程式碼內容:

package com.yiibai;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {
    public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
        student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
        student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
        return student;
    }
}

實現類StudentJDBCTemplate.java實現了定義的DAO介面 - StudentDAO.java,以下是檔案:StudentJDBCTemplate.java的程式碼內容:

package com.yiibai;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.MapSqlParameterSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.SqlParameterSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcCall;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcInsert;

public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {
    private DataSource dataSource;
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject;
    SimpleJdbcInsert jdbcInsert;

    public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
        this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
        this.jdbcInsert = new SimpleJdbcInsert(dataSource).withTableName("Student");
    }

    public void create(String name, Integer age) {
        Map<String, Object> parameters = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        parameters.put("name", name);
        parameters.put("age", age);
        jdbcInsert.execute(parameters);
        System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age);
        return;
    }

    public List<Student> listStudents() {
        String SQL = "select * from Student";
        List<Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL, new StudentMapper());
        return students;
    }

    public Student getStudent(Integer id) {
        SimpleJdbcCall jdbcCall = new SimpleJdbcCall(dataSource).withProcedureName("getRecord");

        SqlParameterSource in = new MapSqlParameterSource().addValue("in_id", id);
        Map<String, Object> out = jdbcCall.execute(in);

        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(id);
        student.setName((String) out.get("out_name"));
        student.setAge((Integer) out.get("out_age"));
        return student;
    }
}

以下是檔案:MainApp.java的程式碼內容:

package com.yiibai;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.yiibai.StudentJDBCTemplate;

public class MainApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application-beans.xml");

        StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = (StudentJDBCTemplate) context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");

        System.out.println("------Records Creation--------");
        studentJDBCTemplate.create("Maxsu", 21);
        studentJDBCTemplate.create("Curry", 22);
        studentJDBCTemplate.create("Suzend", 23);

        System.out.println("------SimpleJdbcCall--------");
        Student student = studentJDBCTemplate.getStudent(1);

        System.out.print("ID : " + student.getId());
        System.out.print(", Name : " + student.getName());
        System.out.println(", Age : " + student.getAge());

        System.out.println("------Listing Multiple Records--------");
        List<Student> students = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();
        for (Student record : students) {
            System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId());
            System.out.print(", Name : " + record.getName());
            System.out.println(", Age : " + record.getAge());
        }
    }
}

以下是檔案:application-beans.xml的程式碼內容:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd ">

    <!-- Initialization for data source -->
    <bean id="dataSource"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true" />
        <property name="username" value="root" />
        <property name="password" value="123456" />
    </bean>

    <!-- Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean -->
    <bean id="studentJDBCTemplate" class="com.yiibai.StudentJDBCTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

</beans>

注意: application-beans.xml 檔案的位置是:{workspace}/fistapp/src/main/java 目錄,如果放置錯了,程式可能會因為找不到此組態檔案而出錯。

完成建立原始碼和bean和資料庫連線資訊的檔案組態後,執行應用程式。這裡先簡單說明一下執行的步驟,在專案名稱(SimpleJdbcCall)上點選右鍵,在彈出的選單中選擇:【Run As】-> 【Maven test】

在執行測試成功後,應該會輸出類似以下內容(含有 BUILD SUCCESS 的資訊) 。
接下來,點選類檔案:MainApp.java 選擇【Run As】->【Java Application】,如果應用程式一切正常,這將列印以下結果:

------Records Creation--------
Created Record Name = Maxsu Age = 21
Created Record Name = Curry Age = 22
Created Record Name = Suzend Age = 23
------SimpleJdbcCall--------
ID : 1, Name : Maxsu, Age : 21
------Listing Multiple Records--------
ID : 1, Name : Maxsu, Age : 21
ID : 2, Name : Curry, Age : 22
ID : 3, Name : Suzend, Age : 23