Laravel中介軟體
php artisan make:middleware <middleware-name>
使用你的中介軟體名稱替換<middleware-name>。建立可以看到中介軟體在 app/Http/Middleware 目錄。
範例
php artisan make:middleware AgeMiddleware
第3步 ? AgeMiddlware 會在 app/Http/Middleware 檔案中建立。新建立的檔案將自動建立下面程式碼：
<?php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;
class AgeMiddleware {
public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
return $next($request);
}
}
註冊中介軟體
-
全域性中介軟體
-
路由中介軟體
全域性中介軟體將在應用程式的每個HTTP請求執行，而路由中介軟體將被分配到一個特定的路由。中介軟體可在 app/Http/Kernel.php 註冊.
該檔案包含兩個屬性： $middleware 和 $routeMiddleware。$middleware 屬性用於註冊全域性中介軟體，$routeMiddleware屬性用於註冊路由指定中介軟體。
protected $middleware = [ \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\CheckForMaintenanceMode::class, \App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class, \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class, \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class, \Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class, \App\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken::class, ];
protected $routeMiddleware = [ 'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class, 'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class, 'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class, ];
範例
我們已經在前面的例子中已建立 AgeMiddleware 中介軟體。 現在，我們可以在具體的路由中介軟體屬性登記。註冊程式碼如下所示。
<?php
namespace App\Http;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Kernel as HttpKernel;
class Kernel extends HttpKernel {
protected $middleware = [
\Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\CheckForMaintenanceMode::class,
\App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
\Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
\Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
\Illuminate\View\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession::class,
\App\Http\Middleware\VerifyCsrfToken::class,
];
protected $routeMiddleware = [
'auth' => \App\Http\Middleware\Authenticate::class,
'auth.basic' => \Illuminate\Auth\Middleware\AuthenticateWithBasicAuth::class,
'guest' => \App\Http\Middleware\RedirectIfAuthenticated::class,
'Age' => \App\Http\Middlware\AgeMiddleware::class,
];
}
中介軟體引數
我們也可以傳遞中介軟體引數。例如，如果您的應用程式有不同角色，如使用者，管理員，超級管理員等，並且要驗證基於角色的動作，這可以通過引數傳遞中介軟體來實現。我們建立的中介軟體包含以下功能，我們可以通過 $next 引數之後，自定義引數。
public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
return $next($request);
}
範例
php artisan make:middleware RoleMiddleware
第3步 ? 新增以下程式碼到新建立的角色中介軟體的處理方法 - app/Http/Middleware/RoleMiddleware.php.
<?php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;
class RoleMiddleware {
public function handle($request, Closure $next, $role) {
echo "Role: ".$role;
return $next($request);
}
}
第4步 ? 在 app\Http\Kernel.php 檔案中註冊角色中介軟體。 加入灰色突出的線條的是在該檔案中註冊 RoleMiddleware 中介軟體。
php artisan make:controller TestController
app/Http/TestController.php
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
class TestController extends Controller {
public function index(){
echo "<br>Test Controller.";
}
}
app/Http/routes.php
Route::get('role',[
'middleware' => 'Role:editor',
'uses' => '[email protected]',
]);
可終止的中介軟體
響應已經傳送給瀏覽器後可終止中介軟體執行一些任務。這可以通過使用建立中介軟體「終止」方法的中介軟體來實現。可終止中介軟體會註冊全域性中介軟體。該終止方法將接受兩個引數：$request 和 $response。終止方法可以被建立，如在下面顯示的程式碼。
範例
php artisan make:middleware TerminateMiddleware
第3步 - 複製下面的程式碼到新建立檔案 - TerminateMiddleware 在 app/Http/Middleware/TerminateMiddleware.php 檔案中如下：
<?php
namespace App\Http\Middleware;
use Closure;
class TerminateMiddleware {
public function handle($request, Closure $next) {
echo "Executing statements of handle method of TerminateMiddleware.";
return $next($request);
}
public function terminate($request, $response){
echo "<br>Executing statements of terminate method of TerminateMiddleware.";
}
}
第4步 ? 註冊 TerminateMiddleware 到 app\Http\Kernel.php 檔案中.
加了灰色突出的線條的是該檔案中註冊的 TerminateMiddleware 中介軟體。
php artisan make:controller ABCController
app/Http/ABCController.php
<?php
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
class ABCController extends Controller {
public function index(){
echo "<br>ABC Controller.";
}
}
app/Http/routes.php
Route::get('terminate',[
'middleware' => 'terminate',
'uses' => '[email protected]',
]);
http://localhost:8000/terminate
